They are the vertical elements of the system made to prevent vertical displacements in foundation piles or deep excavations and to secure the structures against rotation.

MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT:

Drilling Machine:

- Casagrande C6,C8
- Rod
- Auger
- Drill
- pistol
- Casing pipe

Injection Machine:

- Pump
- Mixer
- Agitator

Secondary Machines:

- Water pump
- Generator
 
CONSTRUCTION METHODS:

With the marking of the field measurement group of the places given in the project, the production begins with the material chosen according to the structure of the ground.

Drilling Methods:

In anchor drilling, impact, rotary and both methods are used.



Rotary Drilling Method:


It works by transferring the pressure and rotational force given by the machine to the rock drill located at the end of the rods through the rods. Drilling can be done by using the following equipments.


Rock Bits:


It consists of a body and tapered bearings. There are hardened ends on the bearings. The number of these ends depends on the hardness of the ground.


Auger (Auger):


It is used for drilling non-hard plastic clay like floors and throwing them out of materials.


Progression with Casing Pipe:


It is used to prevent debris during drilling on floors containing filling material or under groundwater. To prevent wear on the end of the pipe, a carbide made of hard metal is used.


Impact Drilling Method:


This method is used on hard rocks. It is done by obtaining a blow with a hammer working at the bottom of the hole (Down The Hole) with the help of a compressor.


Hole Bottom (D.T.H):


In this method, the rotational movement of the machine is transferred to the gun at the bottom of the hole by means of rods. While the gun rotates on the one hand, it also works with the help of the air supplied with the compressor and makes the movement of hitting the rock with the raised bit at the tip. The hole diameter can vary between 85-254 mm.


Cleaning Method:


The methods used to eject the material during the hole drilling process affect both the drilling speed and the quality of the hole. Because in order for the hole to progress effectively, it is essential to keep the hole clean by constantly throwing out the cut material accumulated at the bottom of the hole. Air, water or foam is used for this work. Insufficient cleaning during drilling causes bit jamming and rods break off from the joint, leaving the entire tool in the hole.


Injection Method:


The iron reinforcement in the quality specified in the project is lowered into the well. The well is filled with clean gravel (no. 2). Then, the well is injected (by means of a piston injection pump) through the polyethylene pipe, which is lowered into the well with the iron reinforcement. ∼A second injection is given 1 hour later.